JAC Advance Access originally published online on December 1, 2004
Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 2005 55(1):51-56; doi:10.1093/jac/dkh499
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JAC vol.55 no.1 © The British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy 2004; all rights reserved
A rapid method of impregnating endotracheal tubes and urinary catheters with gendine: a novel antiseptic agent
The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee Health, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Houston, TX 77030, USA
* Corresponding author. Tel: +1-713-792-7943; Fax: +1-713-792-8233; Email: hhanna{at}mdanderson.org
Objectives: To test the efficacy of gendine, a novel antiseptic, containing Gentian Violet and chlorhexidine, in coating different medical devices, including endotracheal tubes (ETT) and urinary catheters (UC).
Methods: We determined the antimicrobial efficacy and cytotoxicity of ETT and UC segments coated, through an instant dip method, with gendine. Using the modified Kirby–Bauer method, gendine-coated devices showed zones of inhibition of 
15 mm against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Candida parapsilosis.
Results: Gendine-coated endotracheal tubes (GND-ETT) soaked in bronchoalveolar fluid (BAL) and incubated at 37°C maintained a zone of inhibition of 15 mm against MRSA and P. aeruginosa for at least 3 weeks. Similarly, gendine-coated urinary catheters (GND-UC), soaked in urine, maintained a zone of inhibition of 15 mm against E. coli for 8 weeks. Using the minimum essential media elution method in mouse fibroblast cells, GND-ETT and GND-UC were found to be non-cytotoxic. Gendine-coated UC significantly reduced the amount of viable MRSA, E. coli or C. parapsilosis organisms adhering to their surfaces when compared with silver/hydrogel-coated urinary catheters or control uncoated catheters (P < 0.01). Similarly GND-ETT significantly reduced the adherence of the same organisms as well as P. aeruginosa when compared with control (P 
0.02).
Conclusions: GND-ETT and GND-UC impregnated using an instantaneous dip method, were shown to have broad-spectrum activity, prolonged antimicrobial durability and high efficacy in inhibiting adherence of organisms commonly causing nosocomial pneumonia and urinary tract infection. Furthermore, these coated devices were shown to be non-cytotoxic.
Keywords: Gentian Violet , medical devices , novel antiseptics , antimicrobial activity , bacterial adherence
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