JAC Advance Access originally published online on April 8, 2004
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Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (2004) 53, 826-831
© 2004 The British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
Prospective surveillance of incidence, serotypes and antimicrobial susceptibility of invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae among hospitalized children in Austria
1 Department of Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine, Institute of Pathophysiology, Medical University Vienna, Kinderspitalgasse 15, A-1095 Vienna; 2 University Clinic for Internal Medicine I, Clinical Department for Infectious Diseases and Chemotherapy, Medical University Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18–20, A-1090 Vienna; 3 Institute of Environmental Health, Medical University Vienna; 4 Children’s Hospital Leoben, Leoben; 5 Wyeth Lederle Pharma GmbH, Vienna; 6 St Anna Children’s Hospital, Vienna, Austria
Received 19 November 2003; returned 30 December 2003; revised 16 February 2004; accepted 28 February 2004
Objectives: This study was undertaken to analyse incidence rates, serotype distribution and antimicrobial resistance patterns of invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from hospitalized children up to 5 years of age with invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD), including meningitis, in Austria.
Methods: From February 2001–January 2003, nationwide prospective surveillance was conducted that included all paediatric hospitals and clinical microbiological laboratories. All invasive pneumococci isolated were serotyped and tested for antimicrobial susceptibility.
Results: The mean annual incidence rates of IPD per 10 000 population for the age groups <24 months and <60 months were 14.5 (7.7 for meningitis) and 13.7 (6.0 for meningitis), respectively. The case fatality rate was 6% for IPD and 12% for meningitis. Of all IPD cases, 69.6% (73.1% for meningitis) were covered by serotypes and 83.9% (88.5% for meningitis) by cross-protection of vaccine-related serotypes. Intermediate penicillin G susceptibility (MIC 0.12–1 mg/L) was found in 12/56 strains. No penicillin G-resistant strains were found. A total of 19/56 isolates showed decreased susceptibility to macrolide agents (MIC 
1 mg/L).
Conclusions: The IPD incidence rate was similar, and serotype coverage of the 7-valent conjugated vaccine marginally superior, to Germany. The surprisingly high level of antimicrobial resistance among invasive isolates considerably amplifies the potential impact of a childhood pneumococcal vaccination programme in Austria.
Keywords: S. pneumoniae, incidence, serotype coverage, susceptibilities
* Corresponding author. Tel: +43-1-40400-5139, Fax: +43-1-40400-5200; E-mail: apostolos.georgopoulos{at}meduniwien.ac.at
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