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JAC Advance Access originally published online on January 28, 2004
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Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (2004) 53, 518-521
© 2004 The British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy

Contribution of integrons, and SmeABC and SmeDEF efflux pumps to multidrug resistance in clinical isolates of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia

Lin-Li Chang1,*, Hui-Feng Chen1, Chung-Yu Chang1, Tsong-Ming Lee2 and Wen-Jeng Wu3

Departments of 1 Microbiology and 3 Urology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung; 2 Department of Food Science and Technology, Tajen Institute of Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan

Received 14 August 2003; returned 6 October 2003; revised 30 November 2003; accepted 1 December 2003

Objectives: The contribution of integrons and efflux pumps to multidrug resistance in Stenotrophomonas maltophilia was evaluated.

Materials and methods: Ninety-three S. maltophilia clinical isolates were studied. PCR and direct sequencing were used to detect the presence of integrons. Real-time PCR was performed to assess and quantify the expression of the Sme efflux pumps of S. maltophilia.

Results: Class 1 integrons were detected in 22% of clinical isolates and carried cassettes conferring resistance mainly to aminoglycosides and trimethoprim. The small multidrug resistance gene, smr, was found on class 1 integrons in six isolates. Thirty-one percent of the isolates overexpressed the smeDEF gene, as compared with a control strain, and 59% overexpressed the smeABC gene. Extrusion of ciprofloxacin and meropenem was specific to the SmeABC and SmeDEF pumps, respectively.

Conclusion: SmeABC and SmeDEF efflux pumps play important roles in resistance of S. maltophilia to ciprofloxacin and meropenem.

Keywords: real-time PCR, class 1 integrons, plasmids

* Corresponding author. Fax: +886-7-3218309; E-mail: m725006{at}kmu.edu.tw


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