JAC Advance Access originally published online on October 29, 2003
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Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (2003) 52, 1022-1024
© 2003 The British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
Sulphonamide resistance gene sul3 found in Escherichia coli isolates from human sources
1 Department of Microbiology and Tumor Biology—MTC, Clinical Microbiology, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska Hospital L2:02, Stockholm, SE-171 76; 2 Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology (IMBIM), Uppsala University, Uppsala, SE-751 23, Sweden
Received 9 July 2003; returned 23 July 2003; revised 10 September 2003; accepted 15 September 2003
Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the molecular basis of an observed increasing resistance to trimethoprim and sulphonamides despite a simultaneous decline in co-trimoxazole consumption. The distribution of sulphonamide resistance genes sul1, sul2 and the recently discovered sul3 was studied in a collection of clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae.
Methods: PCR with primers specific for sul1, sul2 and sul3 was used to detect the three known sulphonamide resistance genes in the isolate collection. Sequence analysis was used for confirmation of results. Restriction endonuclease digestion and conjugational transfer assays were used for plasmid analysis.
Results: In 64 sulphonamide-resistant isolates, 39 sul1 genes and 48 sul2 genes were detected. Twenty-five isolates carried both sul1 and sul2 and two were negative for both genes. With PCR and sequence analysis these two were shown to harbour the new sulphonamide resistance gene sul3, which was carried by different plasmids.
Conclusions: Sulphonamide resistance gene sul3, which is widespread among pigs in Switzerland, has now also been identified in two different clinical isolates of Escherichia coli, located in urinary tract infections in patients in Sweden.
Keywords: urinary tract infections, PCR, plasmids
* Corresponding author. Tel: +46-8-51779638, Fax: +46-8-308099; E-mail: malin.grape{at}ks.se
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