JAC Advance Access originally published online on January 14, 2003
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Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (2003) 51, 415-418
© 2003 The British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
Occurrence and detection of AmpC ß-lactamases among Gram-negative clinical isolates using a modified three-dimensional test at Guru Tegh Bahadur Hospital, Delhi, India
Department of Microbiology, University College of Medical Sciences and Guru Tegh Bahadur Hospital, Dilshad Garden, 110095 Delhi, India
Received 1 July 2002; returned 2 August 2002; revised 11 November 2002; accepted 20 November 2002
AmpC enzymes can be differentiated from other extended-spectrum ß-lactamases by their ability to hydrolyse cephamycins as well as other extended-spectrum cephalosporins. The present study was designed to determine the occurrence of AmpC enzyme-harbouring Gram-negative clinical isolates in a tertiary care hospital in Delhi, India. Among the 135 clinical isolates of Gram-negative bacilli tested, 20.7% were found to harbour AmpC enzymes using a modified three-dimensional test. Inhibition of zone distortion in the presence of cloxacillin confirmed AmpC-harbouring isolates. Maximal incidence of AmpC producers was found among Acinetobacter spp. (42.8%) followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates (33.3%). No AmpC-harbouring isolates revealed decreased susceptibility to cefoxitin. Therefore, Gram-negative bacilli showing resistance to any cephalosporin or aztreonam irrespective of cefoxitin susceptibility should be screened for the AmpC enzyme. The modified three-dimensional test is easy to carry out and can be applied as a phenotypic screening method for detection of AmpC-harbouring Gram-negative organisms. This is the first study to determine the occurrence of AmpC ß-lactamases from India.
Keywords: AmpC ß-lactamases, ESBLs, three-dimensional technique, AmpC India
* Corresponding author. Tel: +91-11-2747-2222; Fax: +91-11-2229-0495; E-mail: manchandavikas{at}hotmail.com
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