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JAC Advance Access originally published online on January 6, 2003
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Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (2003) 51, 405-408
© 2003 The British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy

Heat-induced superaggregation of amphotericin B attenuates its ability to induce cytokine and chemokine production in the human monocytic cell line THP-1

P. David Rogers1,2,*, Katherine S. Barker1, Vanessa Herring1 and Melissa Jacob3

Departments of 1 Clinical Pharmacy and 2 Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 26 South Dunlap Street, Memphis, TN 38163; 3 National Center for Natural Products Research, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA

Received 27 June 2002; returned 6 September 2002; revised 11 October 2002; accepted 1 November 2002

The cytokine and chemokine response elicited by heat-treated amphotericin B (HT-AmB) was compared with that of untreated amphotericin B (AmB-DOC) in the human monocyte cell line THP-1. AmB-DOC produced dose-dependent increases in interleukin (IL)-1ß, IL-1{alpha}, tumour necrosis factor-{alpha}, macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1{alpha} and MIP-1ß at 2 h. HT-AmB induced cytokine and chemokine production at a lower level than those observed with corresponding concentrations of AmB-DOC, while retaining antifungal activity. These results indicate that heat treatment of amphotericin B may prove to be a cost-effective approach to improving the therapeutic index of this antifungal agent.

Keywords: amphotericin B, monocyte, cytokine, chemokine

* Corresponding author. Tel: +1-901-448-1493; Fax: +1-901-448-1741; E-mail: drogers{at}utmem.edu


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