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JAC Advance Access originally published online on November 1, 2002
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Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (2002) 50, 825-831
© 2002 The British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy

Phenotypic and molecular characterization of community occurring, Western Samoan phage pattern methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Rajan P. Adhikari1, Gregory M. Cook1, Iain Lamont2, Selwyn Lang3, Helen Heffernan4 and John M. B. Smith1,*

Departments of 1 Microbiology and 2 Biochemistry, Otago School of Medical Sciences, University of Otago, Dunedin; 3 Middlemore Hospital and Diagnostic Medlab, Auckland; 4 Institute of Environmental Science and Research, Porirua, New Zealand

Received 30 May 2002; returned 15 July 2002; revised 10 September 2002; accepted 11 September 2002

In New Zealand, it is estimated that greater than half of the methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains recovered from patients belong to what has been termed Western Samoan phage pattern types 1 and 2 (WSPP1, WSPP2). These strains differ from classical MRSA isolates in terms of their lack of multiresistance and community occurrence, suggesting that such strains possess properties and/or characteristics different from those of other MRSA. To address this hypothesis, 10 WSPP1 and WSPP2 isolates from Western Samoa, New Zealand and Australia were compared with common hospital MRSA isolates. All WSPP isolates were identical with regard to pulsed-field gel electrophoretic pattern of SmaI-digested DNA, coagulase gene restriction fragment length polymorphism pattern and localization of mecA to a 194 kb SmaI digestion fragment. The WSPP strains were no more resistant/sensitive to various environmental stresses (e.g. skin fatty acids, UV light, desiccation) compared with hospital epidemic MRSA strains, except for their higher tolerance to salt. In terms of virulence, the WSPP MRSA were quantitatively better at attaching to the epithelial cell line HEp2, were uniformly egg-yolk opacity factor negative and produced higher levels of haemolytic toxins compared with non-WSPP MRSA isolates.

Keywords: community MRSA, phenotypic and molecular characteristics

* Corresponding author. Tel: +64-3-479-7718; Fax: +64-3-479-8540; E-mail: sandy.smith{at}stonebow.otago.ac.nz


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