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JAC Advance Access originally published online on November 18, 2002
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Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (2002) 50, 1059-1063
© 2002 The British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy

Bactericidal activity of levofloxacin, gatifloxacin, penicillin, meropenem and rokitamycin against Bacillus anthracis clinical isolates

Lorenzo Drago*, Elena De Vecchi, Alessandra Lombardi, Lucia Nicola, Marilena Valli and Maria Rita Gismondo

Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, L. Sacco Teaching Hospital, University of Milan, Via GB Grassi 74, 20157 Milan, Italy

Received 30 May 2002; returned 18 July 2002; revised 17 September 2002; accepted 22 September 2002

This study aimed to evaluate the bactericidal rates of levofloxacin, gatifloxacin, penicillin, meropenem and rokitamycin against seven isolates of Bacillus anthracis clinically isolated between 1960 and 1970. After determination of MIC and MBC, time–kill experiments were carried out. Antimicrobial activity was evaluated at concentrations equal to 1 x, 2 x, 4 x and 8 x MIC after 0, 3, 6, 12 and 24 h of incubation with the drugs. Bactericidal activity was defined as a decrease in bacterial count of at least 3 log10. All the isolates were susceptible to all the antibiotics, by considering the antistaphylococcal breakpoints. Levofloxacin was bactericidal at 1 x MIC after 24 h and at 4 x MIC after 12 h, and gatifloxacin was bactericidal at 2 x MIC after 24 h and at 8 x MIC after 12 h. Meropenem, rokitamycin and penicillin also showed bactericidal activity at concentrations of 4 x and 8 x MIC, respectively, but only after 24 h incubation; after the same time, meropenem and rokitamycin showed a more marked killing than penicillin at 2 x MIC.

Keywords: Bacillus anthracis, anthrax, fluoroquinolones, penicillin, meropenem, rokitamycin, macrolides, in vitro susceptibility testing

* Corresponding author. Tel: +39-02-3904-2589; Fax: +39-02-5031-9651; E-mail: microbio{at}mailserver.unimi.it


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