Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (2000) 46, 905-908
© 2000 The British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
In vitro activity of ketolides telithromycin and HMR 3004 against Italian isolates of Streptococcus pyogenes and Streptococcus pneumoniae with different erythromycin susceptibility
a Institute of Microbiology, University of Ancona, Via Ranieri, Monte d'Ago, 60131 Ancona; b Hoechst Marion Roussel, Medical Scientific Department, 20020 Lainate, Italy
Two ketolides, telithromycin and HMR 3004, were evaluated for their in vitro activity against erythromycin-susceptible and -resistant strains of Streptococcus pyogenes and Streptococcus pneumoniae. On the basis of their resistance to macrolide, lincosamide and streptogramin (MLS) antibiotics, erythromycin-resistant test strains were assigned to the constitutive resistance (cMLS) phenotype, the inducible resistance (iMLS) phenotype or the M phenotype. iMLS S. pyogenes strains were further subdivided into the three recently described subtypes iMLS-A, -B and -C. Telithromycin and HMR 3004 were uniformly and highly active against pneumococci (regardless of their susceptibility or resistance to erythromycin and/or penicillin), erythromycin-susceptible S. pyogenes and erythromycin-resistant S. pyogenes strains of the M phenotype (in which resistance is mediated by an efflux system) or iMLS-B or -C phenotype (in which resistance is mediated by a methylase encoded by the ermTR gene). Both ketolides were less active against erythromycin-resistant S. pyogenes strains with the cMLS phenotype or the iMLS-A subtype (where resistance is mediated by a methylase encoded by the ermAM gene), these strains ranging in phenotype from the upper limits of susceptibility to low-level resistant.
* Corresponding author. Tel: +39-071-2204694; Fax: +39-071-2204693; E-mail: pe.varaldo{at}popcsi.unian.it
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