Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Vol 41, 1-21, Copyright © 1998 by The British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
A Bryskier
Roxithromycin is a semi-synthetic 14-membered-ring macrolide antibiotic in
which the erythronolide A lactone ring has been altered to prevent
inactivation in the gastric milieu. The in-vitro activity of roxithromycin
is well documented and similar to that of other macrolide antibiotics.
Roxithromycin is active against gram-positive and gram- negative cocci,
gram-positive bacilli and some gram-negative bacilli, but has no
significant effect on the predominant faecal flora. It also displays good
activity against atypical pathogens, such as Mycobacterium avium complex,
Helicobacter pylori and Borrelia spp. It penetrates and accumulates within
cells, such as macrophages and polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMNs), where
it is distributed between the cytosol and cellular granules. Once inside
the cells, it is active against intracellular pathogens, such as
Legionella, Chlamydia, Mycobacterium, Rickettsia and Borrelia spp. Like
other macrolides, roxithromycin displays a significant post-antibiotic
effect which is dependent on the pathogens under study, the concentration
of roxithromycin and the duration of exposure. In vivo, roxithromycin is as
effective or more effective than other macrolides in a wide range of
infections.
ORIGINAL ARTICLES
Roxithromycin: review of its antimicrobial activity
Hoechst Marion Roussel, Direction des Recherches Anti-Infectieux, Pharmacologie Clinique, Romainville, France.
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