Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Vol 41, 435-442, Copyright © 1998 by The British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
T Horii, M Kobayashi, K Sato, S Ichiyama and M Ohta
One hundred clinical isolates, including Escherichia coli, Serratia
marcescens, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus vulgaris
and Proteus mirabilis, were exposed to carbapenems (imipenem, panipenem,
meropenem and biapenem) at 0.5 x MIC for 3 h, then their morphology was
examined and endotoxin release determined. Ceftazidime, which induces
filament formation, was used as a control. Scanning electron microscopy
showed that these carbapenems induced formation of spherical or ovoid
cells, except for P. aeruginosa treated with meropenem and biapenem; these
latter cells had a 'bulge' midway along them and we have termed them
'oval-centred'. There was a relationship between morphology and the amount
of endotoxin released following exposure to carbapenems or ceftazidime. Of
all the species investigated, P. aeruginosa showed the most variable
morphological changes. P. aeruginosa exposed to biapenem were longer
oval-centred in shape, and released significantly more endotoxin than those
exposed to imipenem, panipenem (spherical) or meropenem (shorter
oval-centred cells) (P=0.030, 0.017 and 0.002, respectively). In all
strains except P. aeruginosa, carbapenems induced significantly less
endotoxin release than ceftazidime (P < 0.05).
ORIGINAL ARTICLES
An in-vitro study of carbapenem-induced morphological changes and endotoxin release in clinical isolates of gram-negative bacilli
Department of Bacteriology, Nagoya University School of Medicine, Japan. horii@tsuru.med.nagoya-u.ac.jp
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