Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Vol 41, 155-161, Copyright © 1998 by The British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
ME Rupp and KE Hamer
Staphylococcus epidermidis is the preeminent cause of nosocomial
bacteraemia and infection of prosthetic medical devices. Bacterial
adherence to biomaterial is a crucial early event in the pathogenesis of
these infections. Antibiotics affect bacterial adherence to eukaryotic
cells, capsule formation and biofilm production. However, results from
studies involving coagulase-negative staphylococci are equivocal. In this
study, the in-vitro adherence of radiolabelled bacteria was assayed to
determine the effect of sublethal concentrations of a number of antibiotics
on the attachment of four strains of S. epidermidis, with
well-characterized adherence profiles, to intravascular catheters. The
effect of antibiotics on biofilm production by S. epidermidis was assayed
using a quantitative spectrophotometric assay. Although there was some
strain-to-strain variability, none of the tested antibiotics affected
bacterial attachment. However, treatment with cefazolin or vancomycin
resulted in a significant decrease in biofilm elaboration. These data
suggest that bacterial attachment by S. epidermidis, the initiating event
associated with prosthetic device infection, cannot be prevented by
subtherapeutic levels of fluoroquinolone, glycopeptide or beta-lactam
antibiotics. However, later aggregative stages of adherence, associated
with biofilm production, may be influenced by cell wall-active agents such
as cefazolin and vancomycin.
ORIGINAL ARTICLES
Effect of subinhibitory concentrations of vancomycin, cefazolin, ofloxacin, L-ofloxacin and D-ofloxacin on adherence to intravascular catheters and biofilm formation by Staphylococcus epidermidis
Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha 68198-5400, USA. merupp@unmc.edu
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