Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Vol 40, 67-75, Copyright © 1997 by The British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
AM Seyfarth, HC Wegener and N Frimodt-Moller
We have studied the frequency of antimicrobial resistance and
epidemiological relatedness among 473 isolates of Salmonella enterica
subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium (S. typhimurium) from human and
veterinary sources. The human strains were clinical isolates from patients
with diarrhoea sent to the State Serum Institute during August 1993 (228
isolates). The animal strains were isolated from clinical or subclinical
infections in cattle (48 isolates), pigs (99 isolates) or poultry (98
isolates), all from 1993. All strains were tested against 22 different
antimicrobial agents used in both human and veterinary medicine with the
tablet diffusion method. Strains were also phage- typed and the plasmid
content determined in all resistant strains. Ribotyping was performed on
selected strains. Of 228 human isolates tested, 19.3% of the strains were
resistant to one or more antimicrobial agent compared with 10.4% of strains
from cattle, 11.1% of strains from pigs and 9.2% of strains from poultry.
Multiple resistance, i.e. resistance against at least four antimicrobial
agents, was found in 9.2% of the human strains, but in only two of the
cattle isolates. The majority of the multi-resistant strains in humans were
from infections contracted outside Denmark, most often in southern Europe
or south-east Asia. Resistance in human strains was most common against
tetracycline (13%), ampicillin (12%), sulphonamide (12%), streptomycin
(10%) and chloramphenicol (8%). The resistance pattern differed somewhat in
animal isolates: Poultry strains were usually resistant only to ampicillin,
while pig and cattle isolates were most often resistant to sulphonamide,
tetracycline and streptomycin. Typing of the strains showed that some
animal strains and human strains were indistinguishable. In conclusion,
while antimicrobial resistance was present in S. typhimurium isolated from
humans and animals in Denmark, multiple resistance was most often acquired
outside Denmark.
ORIGINAL ARTICLES
Antimicrobial resistance in Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar typhimurium from humans and production animals
Danish Veterinary Laboratory, Copenhagen V, Denmark.
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