Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Vol 40, 33-38, Copyright © 1997 by The British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
K Fuursted
We compared and evaluated the duration of the post-antibiotic effect (PAE)
of six anti-mycobacterial agents (ethambutol, isoniazid, rifampicin,
amikacin, ciprofloxacin and clarithromycin), alone and in combination,
against ten strains of Mycobacterium avium. PAE was determined by
conventional viable counting and the Bactec growth system, analysed by the
T100 value (the time to produce a cumulative growth index of 100). A 2 h
exposure to the drug did not induce significant killing. Thus, comparison
of regrowth could be evaluated without the potential need to adjust viable
counts. The correlation of duration of PAE between the viable count method
and the T100 Bactec method was excellent (r = 0.94). No significant PAE
(< 8 h) was induced using sub-inhibitory drug concentrations or with
ethambutol or isoniazid alone. Rifampicin (20-41 h) and amikacin (8-36 h)
demonstrated consistent and extended PAEs, while ciprofloxacin (1-15 h) and
clarithromycin (2-10 h) displayed variable PAE activities. Different
three-drug combinations (all including ethambutol) displayed variable
results with a combination of ethambutol, isoniazid and rifampicin being
the most effective combination for extending the PAE (> or = 8 h) which
was observed in half the strains tested. It was concluded that the T100
Bactec method is highly suitable for evaluating PAE against M. avium,
producing a definitive result in 5 days.
ORIGINAL ARTICLES
Evaluation of the post-antibiotic effect of six anti-mycobacterial agents against Mycobacterium avium by the Bactec radiometric method
Department of Mycobacteriology, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen S, Denmark.
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