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Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (1996) 38, 839-847
© 1996 The British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy

other

The impact of rufloxacin given as prophylaxis to patients with cancer on their oral and faecal microflora

D. D'Antonioa,b,*, E. Pizzigalloc, A. Iaconeb, B. Violantea,b, A. Di Marziob, M. Lombardob, G. Fioritonib, T. Stanisciad and F. Romanod

aLaboratorio di Microbiologia Clinica del, Ospedale Civile di Pescara, Via Fonte Romana Pescara, Cattedra di Ematologia, Università "G. D' Annunzio" Chieti, Italy bDipartimento di Ematologia e della Trasfusione, Ospedale Civile di Pescara, Via Fonte Romana Pescara, Cattedra di Ematologia, Università "G. D' Annunzio" Chieti, Italy cCattedra di Malattie Infettive e, Istituto di Patologia Umana e Medicina Sociale, Universit{acute} "G. D'Annunzio" Chieti, Italy dCattedra di Igiene, Istituto di Patologia Umana e Medicina Sociale, Universit{acute} "G. D'Annunzio" Chieti, Italy

Received 7 December 1996; returned 27 March 1996; accepted 17 March 1996

*Tel: +39-85-4252687; Fax: +39-74-85-4252607

A single dose of 200 mg/day rufloxacin was investigated for preventing infection and for its impact on the commensal flora in a pilot study of 62 patients undergoing cytotoxic treatment for cancer. No infection caused by Gram-negative bacilli occurred among 54 assessable patients but prophylaxis was replaced by empirical treatment for fever in 19 cases and because of an adverse event, in a further three cases. The remaining 32 patients completed prophylaxis. The number of oral Branhamella spp., faecal Enterobacteriaceae and Bacteriodes spp. were significantly reduced whereas there was little effect of rufloxacin on the numbers of the other oral and faecal microflora. However, resistance to rufloxacin increased among both oral viridans streptococci, coagulase negative staphylococci and the faecal enterococci. These preliminary data suggest that selective oral antimicrobial prophylaxis for patients with cancer might be achieved with once-daily rufloxacin.


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